Article

NHI1 2025: Improper Offboarding- A Comprehensive Overview

Discover how improper offboarding exposes credentials, leading to vulnerabilities like NHI sprawl, attack surface expansion, and compliance risks.

Improper off-boarding refers to the inadequate deactivation or removal of Non-Human Identities (NHIs) after their intended use has ended. This oversight leaves these digital credentials exposed, creating significant security vulnerabilities. NHIs include service accounts, API keys, tokens, and certificates used by machines, applications, or automated processes to authenticate and perform tasks.

Key Aspects and Implications:

  • Expanded Attack Surface: Unmonitored and deprecated services associated with improperly offboarded NHIs become easy targets for attackers.
  • NHIs Sprawling: The increasing reliance on microservices, third-party solutions, and AI-driven workflows amplifies the risk if NHIs are not diligently managed throughout their lifecycle.
  • Decentralized Management: Unlike human identities, NHIs often lack a central, authoritative source, leading to inconsistent security measures across different platforms and stakeholders.
  • Operational Disruptions: Incomplete understanding of NHI dependencies can result in unintentional disruptions to production systems when attempting to rotate or revoke credentials.
  • Compliance and Governance: Failure to properly decommission NHIs can lead to non-compliance with regulatory requirements and organizational policies.

Contributing Factors:

  • Lack of Centralized Identity and Access Management (IAM): NHIs are not managed centrally like human identities but are created and managed across multiple platforms by various stakeholders.
  • Absence of Clear Ownership: NHIs are often not tied to specific individuals, making accountability challenging.
  • Long-Lived Secrets: Many NHIs are set to live for extended periods, sometimes without expiration dates, increasing the window of opportunity for exploitation if compromised

Mitigation Strategies:

  • Implement NHI Lifecycle Management (NHI-LCM): Employ effective lifecycle management to ensure NHIs are active only when needed and with appropriate access permissions. Automate audits, expiration policies, and decommissioning to reduce risks and improve security posture.
  • Adopt a Zero Trust Architecture: Extend Zero Trust principles to NHIs by continuously validating every identity interaction.
  • Establish Strong Governance Frameworks: Manage the NHI lifecycle, enforce least-privilege access, and ensure timely decommissioning of obsolete identities.
  • Utilize Real-Time Threat Detection and Response (NHI-TDR): Continuously monitor NHI activity and flag anomalies to provide real-time alerts for suspicious behavior.
  • Assign Clear Ownership: Assign clear ownership to each NHI to ensure accountability and facilitate better management.
  • Regularly Rotate Secrets: Implement automated secret rotation policies to minimize the risk of credential compromise.
  • Adopt Ephemeral Certificates: Replace static credentials with short-lived, auto-expiring certificates to limit exposure if credentials are leaked.

Cremit NHI Platform Solutions:

  • Holistic Visibility and Context: Provides a centralized view of all NHIs across all landscapes, eliminating blind spots and delivering detailed context for comprehensive oversight.
  • Streamlined Lifecycle Management: Manages the entire NHI lifecycle from creation to decommissioning, ensuring efficient provisioning and governance.s
  • Actionable Risk Identification and Remediation: Identifies and prioritizes NHI risks, enabling security teams to focus on critical issues and offers predefined playbooks for effective remediation.
  • Zero Trust Controls: Extends Zero Trust principles to NHIs by ensuring continuous monitoring and validation of every NHI interaction.
  • NHI Traceability: Maps each NHI’s origin, associated owners, storage locations, consumers, and resource access, enabling security teams to identify and mitigate risks quickly.

By understanding the factors contributing to improper offboarding and implementing the strategies mentioned above, organizations can significantly improve their security posture.

Need to identify and act on threats with NHI Offboarding? Get started on Cremit or contact us!

Unlock AI-Driven Insights to Master Non-Human Identity Risk.

Go beyond basic data; unlock the actionable AI-driven insights needed to proactively master and mitigate non-human identity risk

A dark-themed cybersecurity dashboard from Cremit showing non-human identity (NHI) data analysis. Key metrics include “Detected Secrets” (27 new) and “Found Sensitive Data” (58 new) from Jan 16–24, 2024. Two donut charts break down source types of detected secrets and sensitive data by platform: GitHub (15k), GetResponse (1,352), and Atera (352), totaling 16.9k. The dashboard includes a line graph showing trends in sensitive data over time, and bar charts showing the top 10 reasons for sensitive data detection—most prominently email addresses and various key types (API, RSA, PGP, SSH).

Blog

Explore more news & updates

Stay informed on the latest cyber threats and security trends shaping our industry.

OWASP NHI5:2025 Insecure Authorization Deep Dive
Explore OWASP NHI5: Insecure Authorization. See how Non-Human Identities gain excess privileges, causing breaches. Learn countermeasures like Zero Trust & least privilege.
OWASP NHI4:2025 Insecure Authentication Deep Dive Introduction: The Era of Non-Human Identities Beyond Humans
Deep dive into OWASP NHI4: Insecure Authentication. Understand the risks of NHIs, key vulnerabilities, and how Zero Trust helps protect your systems.
Secret Sprawl and Non-Human Identities: The Growing Security Challenge
Discover NHI sprawl vulnerabilities and how Cremit's detection tools safeguard your organization from credential exposure. Learn to manage NHI risks.
Navigating the Expanding AI Universe: Deepening Our Understanding of MCP, A2A, and the Imperative of Non-Human Identity Security
Delve into AI protocols MCP & A2A, their potential security risks for AI agents, and the increasing importance of securing Non-Human Identities (NHIs).
Stop Secrets Sprawl: Shifting Left for Effective Secret Detection
Leaked secrets threaten fast-paced development. Learn how Shift Left security integrates early secret detection in DevOps to prevent breaches & cut costs.
Hidden Dangers: Why Detecting Secrets in S3 Buckets is Critical
Learn critical strategies for detecting secrets in S3 buckets. Understand the risks of exposed NHI credentials & why proactive scanning is essential.
NHI2 2025: Secret Leakage – Understanding and Mitigating the Risks
NHI2 Secret Leakage: Exposed API keys and credentials threaten your business. Learn how to prevent unauthorized access, data breaches, and system disruption.
Stop the Sprawl: Introducing Cremit’s AWS S3 Non-Human Identity Detection
Cremit Launches AWS S3 Non-Human Identity (NHI) Detection to Boost Cloud Security
Human vs. Non-Human Identity: The Key Differentiators
Explore the critical differences between human and non-human digital identities, revealing hidden security risks and the importance of secret detection.
Wake-Up Call: tj-actions/changed-files Compromised NHIs
Learn from the tj-actions/changed-files compromise: CI/CD non-human identity (NHI) security risks, secret theft, and proactive hardening.
NHI 3 2025: 3rd Party Supply Chain Dangers
Discover the security risks of vulnerable third-party non-human identities (NHI3:2025) and learn effective strategies to protect your organization from this OWASP Top 10 threat.
Build vs. Buy: Making the Right Choice for Secrets Detection
Build vs. buy secrets detection: our expert guide compares costs, features, and ROI for in-house and commercial security platforms.
Bybit Hack Analysis: Strengthening Crypto Exchange Security
Bybit hacked! $1.4B crypto currency stolen! Exploited Safe{Wallet}, API key leak, AWS S3 breach? Exchange security is at stake! Check your security now!
Rising Data Breach Costs: Secret Detection's Role
Learn about the growing financial impact of data breaches and how secret detection and cybersecurity strategies can safeguard your data and business.
NHI1 2025: Improper Offboarding- A Comprehensive Overview
Discover how improper offboarding exposes credentials, leading to vulnerabilities like NHI sprawl, attack surface expansion, and compliance risks.
Behind the Code: Best Practices for Identifying Hidden Secrets
Improve code security with expert secret detection methods. Learn strategies to safeguard API keys, tokens, and certificates within your expanding cloud infrastructure.
Understanding the OWASP Non-Human Identities (NHI) Top 10 Threats
Understanding NHI OWASP Top 10: risks to non-human identities like APIs and keys. Covers weak authentication, insecure storage, and more.
Securing Your Software Pipeline: The Role of Secret Detection
Prevent secret leaks in your software pipeline. Discover how secret detection improves security, safeguards CI/CD, and prevents credential exposure.
What Is Secret Detection? A Beginner’s Guide
Cloud security demands secret detection. Learn its meaning and why it's essential for protecting sensitive data in today's cloud-driven organizations.
Full Version of Nebula – UI, New Features, and More!
Explore the features in Nebula’s full version, including a refined UI/UX, fine-grained access control, audit logs, and scalable plans for teams of all sizes.
Unveiling Nebula: An Open-Source MA-ABE Secrets Vault
Nebula is an open-source MA-ABE secrets vault offering granular access control, enhanced security, and secret management for developers and teams.
Vigilant Ally: Helping Developers Secure GitHub Secrets
The Vigilant Ally Initiative supports developers secure API keys, tokens, and credentials on GitHub, promoting secure coding and secrets management.
Cremit Joins AWS SaaS Spotlight Program
Cremit joins the AWS SaaS Spotlight Program to gain insights through mentorship and collaboration, driving innovation in AI-powered security solutions.
DevSecOps: Why start with Cremit
DevSecOps is security into development, improving safety with early vulnerability detection, remediation, and compliance, starting with credential checks.
Credential Leakage Risks Hiding in Frontend Code
Learn why credentials like API keys and tokens are critical for access control and the risks of exposure to secure your applications and systems effectively.
Introducing Probe! Cremit's New Detection Engine
Probe detects exposed credentials and sensitive data across cloud tools, automating validation and alerts, with AI-powered scanning for enhanced security.
Customer Interview: Insights from ENlighten
We interviewed Jinseok Yeo from ENlighten, Korea’s top energy IT platform, on how they secure credentials and secrets. Here’s their approach to security.
6 Essential Practices for Protecting Non-Human Identities
Safeguard your infrastructure: Learn 6 best practices to protect API keys, passwords & encryption keys with secure storage, access controls & rotation.
Microsoft Secrets Leak: A Cybersecurity Wake-Up Call
See how an employee error at Microsoft led to the exposure of sensitive secrets and 38 terabytes of data.